Download D Transcripts
1 of 20
Gathering to board
A group of Freedom Riders, including Bernard Lafayette (far right) stand in front of a bus in Birmingham, Alabama, on May 19, 1961. Lafayette dropped out of school in order to set an example that student demonstrators would push on despite threats of jail and violence.
Associated Press
On the road
Lafayette peers out the window of his bus, surrounded by his fellow Freedom Riders and National Guardsmen.
© Bruce Davidson/Magnum Photos
Lafayette’s mug shot
Taken on May 24, 1961, after his arrest with other Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi.
Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission Records, MDAH
Young Lafayette
A picture of a seven-year-old Lafayette in Tampa, Florida.
From the collection of Bernard Lafayette
Rozelia Forrester Williams
A photo of Lafayette’s grandmother, Rozelia Forrester Williams. She served as a major influence on Lafayette’s values and outlook on religion, fairness, and standing up for one’s rights.
From the collection of Bernard Lafayette
A Tampa streetcar crosses a crowded bridge in 1940
Burned in Lafayette’s memory is the time he tried to hold a streetcar for his grandmother as she attempted to board from the back. Running after the trolley as it rolled away, she fell to the ground as the young Lafayette looked on. He remembers feeling “like a sword had cut me in half...my arms stretched out reaching for her and reaching for the door.”
Getty Images
A streetcar filled with passengers in Tampa, Florida
Lafayette remembers the days when the streetcars were segregated and blacks had to pay up front, then run to the back before the steps folded up and the trolley sped off.
State Archives of Florida, Florida Memory
Freedom Riders
This portrait of a group of Freedom Riders was taken in the basement of Ralph Abernathy’s church in Montgomery, Alabama, on May 1, 1961, before they set out on a bus ride intended to expose local segregationist policies in southern states. Segregation of public transportation was ruled a violation of interstate commerce by the Supreme Court in 1960. Lafayette stands in the back row, second from the left.
Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images
Getting on the road
Lafayette gets ready to board a bus on his Freedom Ride in May 1961.
© Bruce Davidson/Magnum Photos
Bus set aflame by segregationists
Smoke pours from the Freedom Riders’ Greyhound bus as they look on outside of Anniston, Alabama, on May 14, 1961. An anti-integrationist mob had set it on fire with a flare. The fire and violence only stiffened the resolve of student protestors like Lafayette to continue the Freedom Rides.
© Bettmann/CORBIS
Their resolve was only stronger after the fire
Black Freedom Riders sit on the grass next to the gutted shell of their burned Greyhound bus outside of Anniston, Alabama, after it had been attacked by a white mob on May 14, 1961. In an attempt to stop the progress of a Freedom Ride, a member of the white segregationist mob sat in front of the Greyhound bus, taunting the driver to run him over. As this happened, other members of the group slashed the tires and threw stones at the bus. Catching up with the Freedom Riders on the highway, they burned the bus and attacked the fleeing civil rights activists.
© Bettmann/CORBIS
After the fire
A photo of the fire-ravaged Greyhound bus, set aflame by segregationists outside Anniston, Alabama, on May 14, 1961. White citizens had attacked the riders, slashed the bus’s tires, and then set it on fire after catching up with it in a convoy of cars. Despite these events, Lafayette and other students joined another Freedom Ride less than a week later.
© Bettmann/CORBIS
Getting some rest
Three Freedom Riders from Nashville sleep in the Birmingham bus station. May 20, 1961, three freedom riders rest as they wait for the chance to continue on to Montgomery. Lafayette and his fellow riders faced numerous roadblocks during the ride that ended with their arrest in Jackson, Mississippi, a few days later.
Horace Cort/AP/Corbis
Evaluating their injuries
Two of Lafayette’s fellow Freedom Riders, John Lewis (left) and James Zwerg (right), covered in blood after sustaining injuries from a savage beating by segregationists in Montgomery, Alabama, on May 20, 1961.
© Bettmann/CORBIS
Waiting for the Riders
Police in Jackson, Mississippi, stand ready to arrest a group of Freedom Riders as they pull into the city on May 24, 1961.
© Bettmann/CORBIS
We Shall Overcome
American folk musician Guy Carawan (left) sings with Lafayette (center) and James Bevel (right) in 1960. Carawan taught the now-famous protest song “We Shall Overcome” to SNCC activists.
From the collection of Bernard Lafayette
Protesting in Nashville
An African-American protester carries a sign down a sidewalk in Nashville during the spring of 1960. In addition to mounting lunch counter protests, movement leaders encouraged blacks to boycott businesses in the city. A major demonstration led by C. T. Vivian, Diane Nash, and Lafayette in April 1960 helped pave the way for the end of segregation in Nashville.
From the collection of Bernard Lafayette
Sit-in at a lunch counter
A black student sits at a lunch counter during a March 1960 sit-in demonstration protesting segregation. Lafayette had participated in lunch counter sit-ins himself, including a 1959 test case to see how whites would react to nonviolence action.
© Bettmann/CORBIS
Jailed protesters
Lafayette and other students trained in nonviolent protest using the strategy to desegregate lunch counters throughout the South. This photo shows jailed protesters eating after a demonstration on March 1, 1960.
Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images
Beaten
As an activist on the front lines of the Civil Rights Movement, Lafayette constantly faced the risk of arrest, injury, or worse. He is pictured here after a near-fatal beating in Selma, Alabama, in 1963.
From the collection of Bernard Lafayette